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Solo 401(k) Contribution Deadline

Solo 401(k) Contribution Deadline

The Solo 401(k) Contribution Deadline is typically dependent on the type of entity that has adopted the Solo 401(k) Plan, as well as the type of contribution – employee deferral vs. profit sharing contribution.

Sole Proprietorship

Employee Deferral

In the case of a sole proprietorship, a business owner under the age of 50 may make employee deferral contributions up to $20,500 for 2022 (an employee 50 or older may make a $6,500 annual catch-up contribution, for an annual deferral contribution limitation of $27,000). An Employee must elect to make the employee deferral contribution by December 31 of the year. However, the employer deferral contribution can be made up until the tax-filing deadline.

The employee deferral contribution can be made using pretax and/or after-tax (Roth) funds.

Profit Sharing Contribution

The sole proprietorship business may make annual profit sharing contributions for the business owner and spouse annually. Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(3) states that the amount of employer contributions is limited to 25 percent of the entity’s income subject to self-employment tax. Schedule C sole-proprietors must do an added calculation starting with earned income to determine their maximum contribution, which, in effect, brings the maximum 25% of compensation limit down to 20% of earned income.

A step-by-step worksheet for this calculation can be found in IRS Publication 560. In general, compensation is your net earnings from self-employment. This definition takes into account both of the following items: (i) the deduction for one-half of your self-employment tax, and (ii) the deduction for contributions on your behalf to the plan.

The profit sharing contribution must be made by the business’s tax-filing deadline.

Single Member LLC

Employee Deferral

In the case of a single member LLC, the single member LLC owner under the age of age 50 may make employee deferral contributions up to $20,500 for 2022 (an employee age 50 or older may make a $6,500 annual catch-up contribution for an annual deferral contribution limitation of $27,000). The single member LLC owner must elect to make the employee deferral contribution by December 31 of the year. However, the employer deferral contribution can be made up until the tax-filing deadline.

The employee deferral contribution can be made using pretax and/or after-tax (Roth) funds.

Profit Sharing Contribution

The single Member LLC business may make annual profit sharing contributions for the business owner and spouse annually. Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(3) states that the amount of employer contributions is limited to 25 percent of the entity’s income subject to self- employment tax. Schedule C single member LLC owners must do an added calculation starting with earned income to determine their maximum contribution, which, in effect, brings the maximum 25% of compensation limit down to 20% of earned income.

A step-by-step worksheet for this calculation can be found in IRS Publication 560. In general, compensation is your net earnings from self-employment. This definition takes into account both of the following items: (i) the deduction for one-half of your self-employment tax, and (ii) the deduction for contributions on your behalf to the plan.

Profit-sharing contributions must be funded by the business’s tax-filing deadline.

Multiple-Member LLC

Employee Deferral

In the case of a multiple member LLC, the multiple-member LLC owners under the age of age 50 may make employee deferral contributions up to $20,500 for 2022 (an employee age 50 or older may make a $6,500 annual catch-up contribution for an annual deferral contribution limitation of $27,000). The multiple-member LLC owners must elect to make the employee deferral contribution by December 31 of the year. However, the employee deferral contribution can be made up until the tax-filing deadline.

The employee deferral contribution can be made using pretax and/or after-tax (Roth) funds.

Profit Sharing Contribution

The multiple-member LLC business may make annual profit sharing contributions for the business owners annually. Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(3) states that the amount of employer profit sharing contributions is limited to 25 percent of the entity’s income subject to self-employment tax. Profit-sharing contributions must be funded by the business’s tax-filing deadline.

C Corporation & S Corporation

Employee Deferral

An employee of a corporation will receive a W-2. When it comes to making employee deferral contributions, the employee must make the deferral contribution during the year. The timing of the deferral contribution will typically depend on the business. In the case of a corporation that uses a payroll company, the employee deferral will typically be deducted from the employee’s paycheck. If the company does not use a payroll system, the employee can elect to make deferral contributions at anytime during the year. Once the election is made the Department of Labor safe harbor is that the funds are deposited into the Solo 401(k) Plan account within 7 days.

The employee making the employee contribution should make sure that he or she has earned enough compensation during the pay period to cover the employee contribution. For example, if the employee wishes to make a employee deferral contribution of $20,500 on December 30th, the employee will need to be sure that he or she has earned sufficient compensation during the pay period to cover the deferral contribution.

The employee deferral contribution can be made using pretax and/or after-tax (Roth) funds.

Profit Sharing Contributions

The corporation may make profit sharing contributions for corporation’s owner(s)/employee(s) annually. Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(3) states that the amount of employer profit sharing contributions is limited to 25 percent of the entity’s income subject to self-employment tax.

Profit-sharing contributions must be funded by the business’s tax-filing deadline.

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